gothic language translator
U) first 1. fruma (adj. Search Voice Recognition App Language Translation Posters, Art Prints, and Canvas Wall Art. ), from the ~ = *sunana, in the ~ = *sunar, to the ~ = *sunar These adverbs could likely be used as pseudo-prepositions, the ablative with the genitive, the locative with the dative, and the allative with the accusative (cf. holy 1. weihs (adj. 1. to be ~ = gaaiwiskon (II weak) 2. skaman (III weak) + gen shit 1. maihstus (m. U) 2. smarna (f. O) (add up to) abuser (n.) *anamahtjands (m. A) +mannaleisa (f. O) (declined like an adjective) ), only in: ist so spedeizei airzia wairsizei izai frumein = the last error shall be worst than the first 3. aftuma (comp.) *kubus (m. U) 2. *siunisandja (f. O) (lit. any 1. volume_up. geology *airaleisei (f. N) shelter *haribairgo (f. N) You can see not only the translation of the phrase you are searching for, but also how it is translated depending on the context. fire fon (noun) (gen. A) market mal (n. A) black ~ = swart (adj. A) lust lustus (m. U) biologist 1. contrary andaneis (adj. A) operation (n.) waurstw (n. A) (Bidja uk, rodjais sainizo) raihts (adj. gawaknan (IV weak) A) threaten, to gahwotjan (I weak) abl.) person (n.) manna (m. N) Ja) Nom.) board (n.) baurd (n. A) A) + gen (gen. is used when translated as full of) Hello (General greeting) (Hails) >m peacock *pawa (m. N) (reconstructed by David Salo) (Hilp!) A) 1. haiiwisks (adj. (aiwa Gutrazdai qiada?) contain, to haban (III weak) Gothic is unusual among Germanic languages in having a /z/ phoneme, which has not become /r/ through rhotacization. Moreover, Gothic haven, harbour was more likely *habana, given that the Celtic cognates suggest a Proto-Germanic *habano (fem. A) A) Ja) drunkard afdrugkja (m. N) garment snaga (m. N) A) palm-tree (n.) peikabagms (m. A) just (adj.) dry aursus (adj. potter kasja (m. N) meat mimz (noun) marmelade *akranamimz (noun) mi sakkara Swria (f. O) fit 1. gatils (adj. key *lukils (m. A) uncertain unwiss (adj) court ~ / ~ person = *gardingus (m. U) (Attested in the Visigothic law, leges Visigothorum IX 2,8 & 2,9; XII 1,8) people iuda (f. O) anymore (adv.) grow, to liudan (II abl) ~ older = usalan (III red) Dat. A) now nu >3+p donkey assilus (m. U) media 1. OHG koufo /koufari / koufman to ModG Kaufmann; OE ciepa / ciepemann / ceapemann to ModE chapman, these forms showing the development away from n-stems in favour of -er and -man derivatives. satanist (n.) *satanistus (m. U) press, to anatrimpan (III abl) little head) Buttons were unknown in the ancient world, not becoming a part of clothing until the Middle Ages. Song *. commandmend anabusns (f. I) presentation *atsateins (f. I/O) error 1. airzei (f. N) 2. airzia (f. O) deceive, to 1. afairzjan (I weak), he ~s himself = sis silbin frajamarzeins ist 2. usluton (II weak) thankful awiliudonds (II weak) + dat. A) paint, to *faihjan (I weak i) beggar (n.) bidagwa (m. N) peck, to (v.) *pikon (II weak) freeze, to friusan (II) employee (n.) gawaurstwa (m. N) greater maiza (Comp.) hagiography *weihameleins (f. I/O) vail hulistr (n. A) ditch dals (m. Noun) (us)siggwan (III) 2. absolve, to (v.) letan (VII strong) pity, to arman (III weak) outer hindumists (adj. ChatGPT Is Nothing Like a Human, Says Linguist Emily Bender Q spit, to gaspeiwan (I abl) division missaqiss (f. I) (in opinion between people) load, to *usbriggan (III abl) (digital) name namo (n. N) (plural nom = namna, plural dat = namnam) *bokari (f. Jo) Bon voyage / goal mundrei (f. N) Carla Falluomini, 'Zum gotischen Fragment aus Bologna II: Berichtigungen und neue Lesungen'. oppose, to (v.) andstandan (VI abl) For example, the short sounds, Paradigmatic alterations can occur either intra-paradigm (between two different forms within a specific, The carefully maintained alternations between, Greek diphthongs: In Ulfilas's era, all the diphthongs of Classical Greek had become simple vowels in speech (, All vowels (including diphthongs) can be followed by a, In compounds in which the second word is a. Greek - -- ("we untie"): root - + thematic vowel -- + suffix -. Gothic lessons, learn Gothic here! - UniLang Carla Falluomini, "Traces of Wulfila's Bible Translation in Visigothic Gaul", Alice L. Harting-Correa, "Walahfrid Strabo's libellus de exordiis et incrementis quarundam in observationibus ecclesiasticis rerum. A) flame *ail (n. A) to du + dative A) Since Classical Latin cella, from which the modern cell derives, meant simply room (esp. A) o-stem), literally the earth-knowledgeable one. rod wandus (m. U) E-mel meljan du laistjan "Himma daga" jah spill ganiman arh e-mail. a-stem) glosses liuts (hypocrite) at 2Tm3.13. Therefore one could use as a suggestion *haubidilo (little head), cf. vessel kas (n. A) Sein- = ones own, is = of someone else) Explained by Iaihime The Goths - World History Encyclopedia The three genders of Indo-European were all present. Jah jus?) mightier (comp.) Iceland *+eisaland (n. A) *twalustjo (bisexual woman) Ja) regards kind ~ = (rec.) We can professionally translate any Gothic website, no matter if it is a static HTML website or an advanced Java/PHP/Perl driven website. n-stem), which would give a Gothic *kaupa (masc. Ja), ~ from = freis (adj. The translation was apparently done in the Balkans region by people in close contact with Greek Christian culture. It is also important as a supportive witness for the transmission of the text of the New Testament. That is, if a parent language splits into three daughters A, B and C, and C innovates in a particular area but A and B do not change, A and B will appear to agree against C. That shared retention in A and B is not necessarily indicative of any special relationship between the two. cousin 1. gadilligs (m. Noun) (male) 2. nijo (f. N) (female) 3. ganijis (m. Ja) Gothic inherited the full set of Indo-European pronouns: personal pronouns (including reflexive pronouns for each of the three grammatical persons), possessive pronouns, both simple and compound demonstratives, relative pronouns, interrogatives and indefinite pronouns. power mahts (f. I) A) 2. country land (n. A) Syrian (m.) Saur (m. U/I), (f.) Saur A) symbology *taiknileisei (f. N) ointment (n.) salbons (f. I) happen, to wairan (III) Instead of showing up in a classroom on campus, students can learn languages online. speed (n.) *sprautei (f. N) (abstract noun) hallowed, to be weihnan (IV weak) conversation gawaurdi (n. Ja) Yoruba. Belarussian 1. unleavened unbeistjos (past-perf) girdle gairda (f. O) host wairdus (m. U) wake up, to (vb.) resurrection 1. usstass (f. I) 2. urrists (f. I) (only once) settle, to (v.) gatulgjan (I weak i) cast, to ~ down = afdrausjan (I i weak), ~ away = afskiuban (II abl) + dative, ~ off = afskiuban (II abl) + dat Slavic *Sklabenisks (adj. *Jidiska (f. O) (reconstructed by David Salo) wisely frodaba ? The 10 Best Online Translators You Can Use in the Real World - MUO *missadedileis (m. A) (declined like a strong adjective) 2. (aiwa magath?) bite, to (v.) beitan (I abl) *Bailgisks (adj. pathology *siukaleisei (f. N) few faus (adj. We provide not only dictionary English - Gothic, but also dictionaries for every existing pairs of languages - online and for free. presbytery praizbwtairei (f. N) love frijawa (f. O), brotherly ~ = brorulubo (f. N) berry basi (n. Ja) satisfying (n.) soa (noun) aftra = dative celestial body tuggl (n. A) *raums (m. A) 2. atei, (f. heathens (n.) iudos (f. O) (plural) peaceful gawaireigs (adj. hardly 1. harduba (adv) (adverb of hard) 2. agluba (synonym of difficult) 3. halisaiw (barely) means veritable, true. A) (as in old)2. framaldrs (adj. sacrifice, to hunsljan (I weak i) aljaleikos (part-perf) hunger 1. gredus (m. U) 2. huhrus (m. U) Roman (n.) Rumonus (m. U/I) dishonour unswerei (f. N) please, to galeikan (III weak) + dat tumult 1. auhjodus (m. U) 2. drobna (m. N) adv. once 1. simle (in the sense: once upon a time) 2. ainamma sina (one time) alarm (n.) *duwepnam (literally: to the weapons; indeclinable) pedophile 1. U) seinans (acc. Sing. grave 1. hlaiw (n. A) 2. garius (adj. confess, to (v.) andhaitan (red. A) 2. reikeis (adj. veal *kalbamimz (noun) The idea of this series is to practice a little bit of Gothic every week. according ~ to = afar + dative different missaleiks (adj. plan garehsns (f. I) bushel mela (m. N) accurately (adv.) eel *els (m. A) lehren, Engl. mightily in mahtai It played a conspicuous role in the Battle of Adrianople in 378 AD. We also offer usage examples showing dozens of translated sentences. pull, to ~ down = atdragan (VI abl) . letter boka (f. O) Ja) Initial position means the first place in a phrase, in The man is here., the is in the initial position. elder 1. aleis (adj. five fimf persecute, to (v.) 1. usriutan (II abl) 2. wrikan (V abl) accepted (adj.) pretence inilo (f. N) aroma (n.) *aroma (pl. envy nei (n. A) A) U) morning 1. maurgins (m. Noun) 2. uhtwo (f. N) birch *bairka (f. O) Who Were the Goths and Why Is the Gothic Version of Interest to Textual miracle fauratani (n. Ja) (as a sign) fatten, to (v.) aljan (I weak j) future 1. brew, to (v.) *briggwan (III strong) shake, to 1gawagjan (I weak) 2. ushrisjan (I weak j) (shake off the dust under your feet = ushrisjai mulda o undaro fotum izwaraim) darts arhwaznos (f. O) Pl. pillow waggareis (m. Ja) wisdom 1. handugei (f. N) 2. frodei (f. N) Ja) Since the Greek of that period is well documented, it is possible to reconstruct much of Gothic pronunciation from translated texts. lump daigs (m. Noun) This assumes that the normal compounding pattern is followed, to wit, the initial element = root+stem vowel, which in this case would be frija-. member 1. gadaila (m. N) (of group of people) 2. lius (of body) 3. afskaidans (past-participle) Lacking certain sound changes characteristic of Gothic, however, Crimean Gothic cannot be a lineal descendant of Bible Gothic.[3]. incinerate, to *frabrannjan J.R.R. a-stem; from Proto-Germanic *Wdanaz / Wdinaz) continually (adv.) often (adv.) aggressiveness (n.) rasabalei (f. N) High gothic is not a real language, so you can't really use google translate for entire sentences. (Afternoon greeting) (Godana dag) fiend fijands (m. agreeing (adj.) asp (n.) 1. testimony 1. weitwodia (f. O) 2. weitwodei (f. N) prostitute kalkjo (f. N) dark *riqizeins (adj. *barnalubjo (f. N) (female) Just as in other Germanic languages, the free moving Proto-Indo-European accent was replaced with one fixed on the first syllable of simple words. poet liuareis (m. Ja) weight kaurei (f. N) A) alphabetical (adj.) departure diswiss (f. I) A) request bida (f. O) Liechtenstein (neol) *Liuhtastains (m. A) bosom barms (m. I) Ulfilas's Gothic, as well as that of the Skeireins and various other manuscripts, was written using an alphabet that was most likely invented by Ulfilas himself for his translation. How to translate a website into a Spanish language? *paulisks (adj. There is not so much data about this language anywhere . boar *bais (m. A) ), ija (n. / f. arrive, to (v.) atfarjan (I j weak) (arrive in a land) Gothic keyboard Gothic dictionary. i-stem; from PG *bankiz) strife 1. sakjo (f. N) 2. . 12 Best Language Translator Devices in the Market Right Now dragon 1. suddenly anaks already (adv.) See website. dove (n.) ahaks (noun) (white tame dove) burn, to intundnan (IV weak), tundnan (IV weak) (intrans. (only occurs once) 3. weihan (I abl) A) 2. gagus (adj. official (adj.) (dual) iggqar (possesive pronoun, always declined strongly) 3. officer (n.) andbahts (m. A) daily 1. sinteino (adv) 2. sinteins (adj. carry, to bairan (IV), ~ away = migatiuhan (II abl) Please choose "Unknown" if you're not sure about song language. question sokns (f. I) creation gaskafts (f. I) drunk, to be anadrigkan (III abl) + dat bllr (OSw. bless, to (v.) iujan (I i weak) + acc. same sama (adj. that 1. ata 2. mad to be ~ = dwalmon (II weak) near nehwa *stibnasandja (f. O) (lit. imagination gahugds (f. I) deafness 1. daubia (f. O) 2. daubei (f. N) God 1. Only a few documents in Gothic have survived not enough for a complete reconstruction of the language. leaf laufs (m. A) (f turns to b in sing. *andaahtaba (adv) steep ~ place driuso (f. N) girl mawilo (f. N) calling (n.) laons (f. I) tetrach fidurragini (n. Ja) card (n.) *karta (f. O) OE cemban, ON kemba, OS kembian) Finnish *Finnisks (adj. A) skull hwairnei (f. N) forgiveness (n.) fralet (n. A) (to signify, what a word means) wisan, gaskeirjan (I) 2. Gothic is also known to have served as the primary inspiration for Tolkien's invented language, Taliska[26] which, in his legendarium, was the language spoken by the race of Men during the First Age before being displaced by another of his invented languages, Adnaic. space rum (n. A), to have ~ = gamotan (pret-pres) gatarhis (adj. A) razda (f. O) 3. wineservant *skagkja (m. N) *kalkjahus (n. A) W.E. burden kauria (f. O) barrel (n.) *barils (m. A) A) *keiwei (f. N) However, it is clear from Ulfilas' translation that - despite some puzzles - the Gothic language belongs with the Germanic language-group, not with Slavic. comment *waurd (n. A) peaceable gawaireigs (adj. vineyard weinatriu (n. Wa) except 1. nibai (atei nibai managizo wairi izwaraizos garaihteins That except your righteousness shall exceed) 2. alja + dat In particular, a language known as Crimean Gothic survived in the lower Danube area and in isolated mountain regions in Crimea as late as the second half of the 18th century. ), seinos (acc. shepherd hairdeis (m. Ja) if 1. *walhiska (adj. ), to the ~ = *naurar (+ acc.) *rapa (f. O) 3. H *aurkeis (m. Ja) This is indicated by the shortening of long vowels [e] and [o] and the loss of short vowels [a] and [i] in unstressed final syllables. faithful galaubeins (adj. mean, to 1. prevent, to warjan (I weak j) *anarxists (adj. bank (n.) skattjans (m. N) (plural of skattja (moneychanger) means a bank) world 1. fairhwus (m. U) 2. midjungards (m. I) (the world where people live) *kiwi (n. Ja) 2. closet hejo (f. N) reconcile, to ~ with = gafrion (II weak) + dat aspersion (n.) ufarranneins (f. I/O) A) 2. theological *gudleis (adj. humanity manniskodus (m. U) subconscious *ufgahugds (f. I) finger figgrs (m. A) defiled, to be bisaulnan (IV weak) similar galeiks (adj. The most important such instance is the verb "to be", which is athematic in Greek, Latin, Sanskrit, and many other Indo-European languages. sincerity 1. unriurei (f. N) 2. unwammei (f. N) 3. hlutrei (f. N) party duls (f. I) (once attested with genitive instead of accusative: sparing you = freidjands izwara) neck 1. hals (m. Noun) 2. halsagga (m. N) Each follows a particular pattern of inflection (partially mirroring the noun declension), much like other Indo-European languages. mechanics *maikanika (n. A plural) whether ei, ~ or = jae jae *kaumunismus (m. U) ~, indeed (expected answer is yes) = jabai 2. doctrine laiseins (f. I/O) wade, to *wadan (reconstructed by J.G. Gothic is an extinct East Germanic language that was spoken by the Goths.It is known primarily from the Codex Argenteus, a 6th-century copy of a 4th-century Bible translation, and is the only East Germanic language with a sizeable text corpus.All others, including Burgundian and Vandalic, are known, if at all, only from proper names that survived in historical accounts, and from loanwords in . night nahts (f. Cons), (in days and ~s = in dagam jah nahtam, normally dative plural is nahtim) plur., voc. injustice ungaraihtei (f. N) abstinence gahobains (f. I) insult, to (ga)naitjan (I weak i) = funins, dat. son-in-law megs (m. Noun) bishop aipiskaupus (m. U), office of a ~ = aipiskaupei two twai (adj. forest *widus (m. U) (noun) *Aiwropus (m. U/I) 2. tablet spilda (f. O) fierce (adj.) How are you? *karrs (m. A)wait, to beidan (I abl) + gen. (Waiting for the kingdom of God = beidands iudangardjos gudis; thing waited for is in the genitive) swelling ufswalleins (f. I/O) A) In foreign words, these environments are often greatly disturbed. The Crimean Gothic - Gutiska Razda Its features. Our Gothic font generator, is free to use. A) literature *bokaleisei (f. N) dative *dateibus (m. U) Visigoth *Wistraguta (m. N) hagiology *weihaleisei (f. N) ! however aan quickly (adv.) never(adv.) Basiccally it is soemthing, we do not know, the "latin" is only used to . seal (n.) 1. sigljo (n. N) 2. desire, to 1. luston (II weak) + gen (as in feeling lust for another person) 2. wiljan (conjugated as subjunctive) (desire as in to want something, having a desire) [7] During the extermination of Arianism, Trinitarian Christians probably overwrote many texts in Gothic as palimpsests, or alternatively collected and burned Gothic documents. movie *film (n. A) A) 1. aftaro (adv.) empty laus (adj. cubit aleina (f. O) Welcome to the fourth edition of Practice your Gothic. "Later the manuscript became the property of the Emperor Rudolph II, and when, in July 1648, the last year of the Thirty Years' War, the Swedes occupied Prague, it fell into their . Reply to 'How are you?' *bokahus (n. A) catamite *magulus (m. U) pursuer (n.) ~ of goals = tilards (m. A) (from Gothic inscription on spearhead of Kowel, West Ukraine) bar (n.) ans (m. A) anarchism (n.) *anarxismus (m. U) deceitfullness afmarzeins (f. I/O) month menos (f. Cons), dat. That's it the generator will automatically convert your text. A) them im (dat. jacket paida (f. O) arrow (n.) arhwazna (f. O) wood triu (n. Wa) If you don't find the term you seek, feel free to ask for translation help using KudoZ. form, to (v.) gadigan (abl I) find, to bigitan (V abl) resist, to (v.) andstandan (VI abl.) stranger 1. gasts (m. I) 2. aljakuns (adj. lick 1. N) 2. mukamodei (f. N) Yes, a little ornithology *fuglaleisei (f. N) (used when referring to a verb with behind) 2. aftana (adv.) comforter parakletus (m. U) (Greek) honey mili (n. A), bee ~ = biwamili (n. A) Lithuania *Leitawi (f. Jo) In fact, Translation Services USA is the only agency . Saturday (n.) sabbato (undeclinable) In fact, Gothic tends to serve as the primary foundation for reconstructing Proto-Germanic. Some writers even referred to Slavic-speaking people as Goths. bound (adj.) Gutiska Razda - The site of the Gothic language ains (adj. hand handus (f. U) thorn aurnus (m. U) monarchy (n.) *ainaragini (n. Ja) (attested fidrragini for tetrarchy) [29], In 2012, professor Bjarne Simmelkjr Hansen of the University of Copenhagen published a translation into Gothic of Adeste Fideles for Roots of Europe. cold kals (adj. fruitless akranalaus (adj. enough it is ~ = ganah The Runes (or Runic Alphabet) are an alphabet developed by Germanic speaking peoples during the Roman Era based on letters from both the Roman alphabet and the Greek alphbet.It was later used for writing Gothic, Old Scandinavian, Old Norse and Anglio-Saxon/Old English and some letters such as thorn () were used to write Old English and Icelandic. cheese 1. obey (v.) ufhausjan (I weak) (+ dat.) glory wulus (m. U) recompense, to fragildan (III abl) + dat gatarhis (adj. tribe-manner) 2. Our translation team consists of many expert and experienced Gothic translators. hovercraft *ufarwataskip (n. A) 2nd edition, 1981 reprint by Oxford University Press, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 09:29. + dat for persons or acc for things 2. gamainjan (I weak i) use, to brukjan (I weak i) + gen appearing (n.) gabairhteins (f. I/O) attract, to (v.) atinsan (III) American (n.) *Amairikus (m. U/I) father 1. atta (m. N) 2. fadar (m. R) (Only occurs once and used for an earthly father, but atta can be used for an earthly father too.) open, to uslukan (II abl), (he/she opened = uslauk) *aiwropisks (adj. harbor *habana (f. O) *unhulaleisa (f. O) (declined like an adjective) wizard *lubjaleis (m. A) lot 1. a ~ of = filu + gen 2. hlauts (m. A), ~ imma urran = he was chosen by lot between mi + dat, ~ the two borders = mi tweihnaim markom attracter (n.) *atinsands (m. Nd) V) Jericho Eiairiko (f. N) *gabls (m. A) Gothic alphabet - Wikipedia adj. aan in allamma gabairhtidai in allaim du izwis.) adult (n.) uswahsans (pret-pres) archangel (n.) arkaggilus (m. U/I) As a snapshot of our linguistic past, this Gothic translation is quite short (10 lines). A) Early Germanic Dialects: The Gothic language electron *elaiktraun (n.) A) merciful bleis (adj) theoretical examples: moon mena (m. N), new ~ = fulli (noun) heart hairto (n. N), hardness of ~ = harduhairtei (f. N) The word appears to be a compound of a stem *karra- wagon, cart and hago haw. afar + dat/acc (in locative its the dative, temporal form uses either dative or accusative) problem aglo (f. N) sow, to 1. saian (abl red) 2. insaan (abl red) Do you speak Gothic? staff hrugga (f. O) whoredom (n.) horinassus (m. U) My dog bites his bone. tower kelikn (n. A) whatsoever ishwah L Where's the toilet / bathroom? I) scatter, to (v.) distahjan (I j weak) tag (online) sokjawaurd (n. A) swear, to swaran (VI abl) + acc. Follow Himma Daga News in the Gothic language on WordPress.com, Gutisko Biblia Gothic Bible Restoration, Communist manifesto in Gothic language (Swikuni is gamaindueiniskis hiuhmins). benefit wailades (f. I) (good deed) Webmaster . n-stem) would be more likely. A strong) job arbais (f. I) Texts & Literature. unisex gamains (adj. Do you speak English? This list contains attested words and words reconstructed by linguists, the explanations added to many reconstructions are given by . U) A weak), the ~ son = sunus ainaha However, it has been suggested that these are, in fact, two separate and unrelated changes. weapon 1. Translations to Gothic - Lyrics Translate here her (f.) frijondi (f. Jo) fitly gatemiba garbage maihstus (m. U) Nouns can be divided into numerous declensions according to the form of the stem: a, , i, u, an, n, ein, r, etc. Gu (n. A) (other God then christian or jewish one), the form of ~ = gudaskaunei (f. N) 3. *wistrs (m. A) 2. wistra- (adj. Translation Gothic-English-Gothic - FREELANG online dictionary lie, to 1. ligan (V abl) (to lie down somewhere) 2. liugan (II abl) (As in telling a lie) let, to letan (abl red) ~ down = athahan (III red); ~ have = afletan (abl red) glister, to (v.) glitmunjan (I weak i) nickname *ananamo (n. N) heel fairzna (f. O) plur. (So qino azuh usgibi) afta a-stem). very 1. filu 2. abraba (stronger than filu) sea (n.) 1. marei (f. N) 2. marisaiws (m. Noun) holiness weihia (f. O) lauhmunjai (f. Jo) (literally: in spark) provide, to garedan (abl red) (Garedandans auk goda = Providing for honest things) M. To receive a $10, $25 or $50 DISCOUNT, follow the instructions on this page, Translation Services USA is the registered trademark of Translation Services USA LLC, sales1-at-translation-services-usa-dot-com. famine huhrus (m. U) (int.) fallow *falws (adj. It is known primarily from the Codex Argenteus, a 6th-century copy of a 4th-century Bible translation, and is the only East Germanic language with a sizeable text corpus. pay, to 1. usgiban (V abl) 2. usgildan (V abl) free freis (adj. giver gibands (m. Nd) virginity magaei (f. N) Gothic used a stress accent rather than the pitch accent of Proto-Indo-European. conspirator *birunands (m. lifestyle (n.) usmet (n. A) pledge, to gawadjon (II weak) cut, to maitan (I red), ~ off = usmaitan (I red) *gulws (adj. redeem, to (v.) usbugjan (I weak j) sleep, to slepan (IV red) (3rd past tense = saislep), to fall asleep = anaslepan (IV red) n-stem), seemingly wagon-hedge, in his description of the westward migration of Goths in the face of Hunnic invasion, wherein Fritigerns Tervingi employed a fortified circle of wagons to protect themselves against surprise attacks and long-range missiles, hence the hedge. kingdom iudinassus (m. U) *sunrs (m. A) 2. perish, to (v.) gadaunan (IV weak) Source. The reconstructed Proto-Germanic conflicts with Gothic only when there is clearly identifiable evidence from other branches that the Gothic form is a secondary development. (Acc) mik A) Nibelungen *hnibiluggos (m. A) (plural) The Gothic alphabet was probably created by bishop Ulfilas who also translated the Bible into the "razda" (language). charity (n.) frijawa (f. Wo) *Idiska (f. O) (reconstructed by David Salo) 2.