life cycle assessment of disposable razors

BIC Disposable Razor Design Life-Cycle In landfilling or incinerating this part, the large amount of energy and material value used in creating it is lost. However, the LCA is not an exact science and has its limitations: Polycarbonate production (14%), transportation via truck (15%), thermoforming (13%), and waste disposal (11%) cause the majority of the remaining emissions. The alloy must allow for easy manufacturing due to the high demand of disposable razors and enough strength to last through transportation and shelf holding. EPA. 10 Best Disposable Razors for Men (Incl. Cartridge) - 2023 The Nation's Freight: U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics. The differences in environmental impacts between these devices strongly favor reusable devices. #3. Most of those razors just end up in a landfill because most countries are not recycling them. BIC Comfort 3 Refillable Three-Blade Disposable Razors for Men, Sensitive Skin Razor for a Comfortable Shave, 1 Handle and 12 Cartridges With 3 Blades, 13 Piece Razor Kit. The GTG LCIs are added together to give a cradle-to-gate (CTG) life cycle inventory . Polypropylene is recyclable with the resin code of 5, which is its numbered identification code that is used to identify what resins plastic products are made of, and indicate how they are recycled. To go from raw materials to final product involves many steps and heavy energy input. 3.7.Product Life Cycle Analysis . Gillette Sensor3 Sensitive Men's Disposable Razors : Target There is also an additional resin called fluorine resin that is applied to the blades, which allows them to freely glide on the skin. Reprints will not be available from the authors. At every point during planning, production, and even marketing, the quantity of consumption should be analyzed to adjust business models accordingly. Teoh W, Lim Y. The differences in environmental impacts between these devices may present a compelling consideration in device selection when concern for infection transmission is not a factor. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) - A Complete Guide to LCAs Clean Edge, Non Disposable razor case study analysis - SlideShare Differences in environmental impacts between devices may present a compelling consideration in their selection. The Eco-Indicator method is a tool developed to help designers conduct a simplified LCA study. Life cycle assessment - Environmental Assessment and Optimization Group Manufacturers can do this solely by machine or by human eye/hand plus machine for extra quality assurance. Address correspondence to Jodi Sherman, MD, Yale University, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, 333 Cedar Street, TMP3, New Haven, CT 06520. We purchase the product in a store, use the product for removing unwanted body and facial hair until it eventually dulls, and then we toss it in the bathroom trash, unaware of where it goes or where it came from. LCA for product sustainability. Properties: Tungsten Carbide-An Overview. AZoM.com, 25 Nov. 2019, www.azom.com/properties.aspx?ArticleID=1203. This assessment is exceptionally useful as it shows the designer what areas are the most impactful during the products life cycle. Criteria air pollutants arise for the disposable LMA primarily from the production of ethylene (a polymer precursor) and the combustion of natural gas throughout the system, and for the reusable LMA from the combustion of fossil fuels to produce steam and electricity. Please try again soon. LCA is a standardized, science-based tool for quantifying the impact in order to assess lifetime environmental impact. An LCA is an accounting of the inputs and outputs for a product system, beginning with extraction of raw materials from the earth and continuing through all of the steps of transportation, manufacturing, product fabrication, product use, and end-of-life, which may include reuse, recycling . Finally, inclusion of the environmental impacts of labor for cleaning (from wages spent on goods and services) only nominally increases the total GHG and water impacts of reusable LMAs. For me, I had a few extra bits of plastic that I snapped off because they . Poly(p-Phenylene Oxide). Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 28 Sept. 2019, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poly(p-phenylene_oxide). LMA Classic Product Specifications, 2011, 10. Both were assumed to be transported to Los Angeles, CA, by container ship, and from there by truck to the company distribution center in San Diego, CA. The Ramboll Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) found that, assuming realistic usage over a year, the energy consumption involved in the use phase of reusable plastic and traditional crockery, during in-store or out-sourced washing and drying, outweighed the environmental impact of single-use paper dishes. `""(w Metal materials are sent for smelting and conversion to new alloys (Terracycle). BIC has repeatedly come under fire because of the environmental impact their disposable razors have, due to the sheer amount of their disposable products are used every year. In this life cycle breakdown, I will be discussing what materials go into the making of disposable razors and what processes the materials go through in the operation of making a disposable razor. In addition to traditional criteria for the selection and purchase of medical devices that include safety, efficacy, and cost, growing awareness of the negative impacts from the practice of health care on the environment and public health calls for the routine inclusion of life cycle criteria into the product selection process. McGain F, McAlister S, McGavin A, Story D. The financial and environmental costs of reusable and single-use plastic anaesthetic drug trays. f'C58NQ}i:]1 $Nh@b8H|iWILGgj{J27]Xp0N@h+ !` >q Several waste management scenarios were also considered, including 100% landfilling and 100% incineration, because practices are highly location dependent. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. The largest source of GHG emissions for the disposable LMAs (23%) is the production and polymerization of PVC, the main material constituent. 21 offers from $5.20. This is because of the complexity of the life cycle, from the acquisition of materials to the management of a product at the end of its life. E-LCA is a time tested assessment technique that evaluates environmental performance throughout the life cycle of a product or from performing a service. xTkJ((5:Ome\%{yIlka;K=1 It all starts with the melting and combining of the desired metal. The life cycle assessment software package SimaPro 7.3.2 was used to conduct our analysis.10 The majority of inventory data were drawn from the ecoinvent v2.2 life cycle inventory database.11 Impacts were assessed using the Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability v4.02 impact assessment method,12 which encompasses both environmental concerns (such as climate change, acid rain and smog formation, water use, and ozone depletion) and human-health-related impacts (such as cancer and noncancer ailments and emission of criteria air pollutants). During a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), environmental impacts are evaluated throughout the entire life cycle of a product (production, use and disposal or recovery).This also includes the upstream and downstream processes associated with production (e.g., the production of . After the parts are manufactured it is time for the final product assembly. Yet, tungsten has been found to deposit particles into the soil that causes some contamination, making it a recent concern to the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Phoenix: IEEE, 2008, 23. Tungsten Carbide. Encyclopdia Britannica, Encyclopdia Britannica, Inc., 17 Dec. 2018, www.britannica.com/science/tungsten-carbide. Goodman EJ, Haas AJ. 5.Interpret and analyse the results. The scope of our analysis, as is shown in Figure 1, includes extraction of material and energy resources, manufacturing, packaging and transport from the manufacturing site to the distribution center and the hospital, reprocessing, and eventual disposal. These included alternative routes and modes of transport from San Diego to New Haven, changes in autoclave loading practices and efficiency, and varied amounts of PVC in the disposable LMA. Please enable scripts and reload this page. 2011, Packaging Technology and Science. Small components such as inks and labels on the packaging and on the sterilization indicator strips are expected to have negligible impacts and were excluded from the analysis. Each year in Italy, millions of tons of fruits and vegetables are harvested, packed and transported to national and foreign retail outlets. Life Cycle Assessment of a Building | Sphera 1.Establish the purpose of the Eco-Indicator calculations Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): A Guide to Best Practice - ResearchGate Anaesth Intensive Care 2010;38:538, 9. LMAs may be composed of 40% DEHP by weight. (PDF) A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Disposable - academia.edu (ii)Access paramount's competitive position? In addition, although this life cycle assessment study did not analyze health impacts during use of an LMA, intraoperative exposure to diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is of some concern. Health care facilities can decrease their environmental impacts by using reusable LMAs, to a lesser extent by selecting disposable LMA models that are not made of certain plastics, and by ordering in bulk from local distributors. No such cases have been reported since 1976.a There is no reported case of iatrogenic infection of any type linked to a reusable LMA. Once all the components of the razor have been made, the components go to various stations where different tasks will be performed. These steps are not necessarily conducted in succession, but iteratively. : Uses, Benefits, and Safety Facts.ChemicalSafetyFacts.org, 17 June 2019, www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/polystyrene/. The high waste from manufacturing and shipping such a small, and cheap product is one that is negatively impacting the planet. What Is Tungsten Carbide?" 1982, www.nytimes.com/1982/04/11/business/how-bic-lost-the-edge-to-gillette.html. @article{Cordella2015EvolutionOD, title={Evolution of disposable baby diapers in Europe: life cycle assessment of environmental impacts and identification of key areas of improvement}, author={Mauro Cordella and Iris Bauer and Anja Lehmann and Matthias Schulz and Oliver Wolf}, journal={Journal of Cleaner Production}, year={2015}, volume={95 . James Drinkwater - Head of Built Environment - LinkedIn Steel Life Cycle.SSAB, www.ssab.com/company/sustainability/sustainable-offering/steel-life-cycle?di=discover21C927E58ECC41198B78D915F7E3E2AF. Brimacombe J, Keller C, Morris R, Mecklem D. A comparison of the disposable versus the reusable laryngeal mask airway in paralyzed adult patients. The number of times an LMA is reused is a particularly uncertain assumption, because there have been reports of premature disposal.16 Use in excess of the manufacturer recommended 40 times has also been reported,17 and 100 to 200 uses appears to be possible with proper handling and preuse checks.1821 Here, 10, 20, 30, 60, 80, and 100 cycles are considered as alternative assumptions. BIC Group, 2016, Sustainable Development Report. However, BIC did report some of its transportation statistics. The second component of the razor is the plastic body which is made of a fairly inexpensive plastic called polystyrene. This LCA is specific for surgical gowns used in the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and St Paul, Minnesota. Powers, Matt, and Amanda M. Can You Recycle Disposable Razors? Earth911.Com, 30 July 2019, earth911.com/living-well-being/health/can-you-recycle-disposable-razors/. To compile a detailed life cycle inventory of the environmental burdens The majority of life cycle human health impacts of disposable LMAs are caused by PVC use in packaging and the device itself. The blades, which are made from a carbide steel made using tungsten carbide, the handle, which is made from a combination of plastics such as polypropylene, polystyrene, and phenylene oxide (PPO), and the cartridge, which is made up of these plastics and sometimes the carbide steel as well (Safety Razor, madehow.com). LCA's are completed particularly in relation to how to develop a sustainable world where less waste and more reuse is implemented. Rogers, Tony. These results will then be used to inform the design process and improve the redesigned razor. 2. The natural half life of a large stock of reusable laryngeal mask airways at a teaching hospital. 1. Table 2 shows the results of alternate assumption on the overall results. Click the image for pricing & more info. 13, 14 There are few published life cycle assessment studies of medical items (ref. The total amount of Direct emissions from BIC factories was 8,689 tonnes of carbon dioxide (For You For Everyone Registration Document). But this is expected from a large brand like Gillette. The total amount of direct GHG emissions in 2016 was estimated at 8,689 teqCO2, i.e. Rogers, Tony. Innovative and strategic advisor to leading philanthropies, corporates, governments, international institutions and NGOs. BIC has done their best to deal with waste in an environmentally conscious manner. Life cycle assessment software I used GaBi 6 software, produced by PE International. 2 offers from $9.92. What Is Tungsten Carbide or Hard Metal? AZoM.com, 2 Aug. 2009, https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=4827. After that, the metal is pressed down to the desired blade thickness which is around 1mm (Manufacturing Processes). Williams S, Henderson K. A survey into the number of times laryngeal masks are used. Comparative environmental and human health (HH) impacts for disposable and reusable laryngeal mask airways (LMA), Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability (BEES) impact assessment method. It is used to assist companies, consumers, and policy-makers in greening their practices and decisions. 2.Define the life-cycle Life cycle analysis takes into account the following categories: Energy consumption Water consumption Air emissions (including carbon dioxide and other global warming gases) Water emissions Generation of solid waste

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